Estonia declared its independence on 24 February 1918 after the collapse of the Tsarist regime in Russia and the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks. However, in order to secure its independence, the Estonian provisional government had to beat back an invasion by the Red Army during the winter of 1918/19.
A peace treaty between Estonia and Soviet Russia was signed at Tartu on 2 February 1920, whereby the latter renounced all claims on Estonian territory and recognized Estonian independence in perpetuity...